ETERNAL LIFE – Charles Spurgeon
Eternal Life
Introduction to the Doctrine of Eternal Life
“And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of My hand.” – John 10:28. Some may say that this is a mixed congregation, and that such a doctrine as this should not be advanced in the presence of ungodly men and women. This shows how little such objectors read their Bible, for this very text was spoken by the Savior, not to His loving disciples, but to His enemies. Read the 31st verse of the chapter, and you will see the temper of the congregation to whom Jesus Christ preached upon this subject: “Then the Jews took up stones again to stone Him.” So it was an indignant multitude of bigots who had this hurled into their faces by the Savior, that although they might reject Him, and because of their willful obstinacy might miss the blessings of divine grace, yet those blessings were rich and rare. He would have them to know that what they lost was inexpressibly precious and that His message was not to be despised without great damage to their souls.
Thus, if there is a mixed multitude here—and I fear the allegation is true, that there are many here who cannot comprehend the preciousness of the things of God—yet, for the same reason which prompted the Savior to preach this doctrine to the wicked in His day, we will do the same now, that they may know what it is they lose by losing Christ, what those comfortable things are which they despise, and what the inestimable treasures are which those must miss who seek after the treasures of this world, and let their God, their Savior, go. We have no time to loiter, and let us therefore, as the bee sucks honey from the flower, seek after the sweet essence of the text: “I give unto them eternal life.”
The Context of the Promise
The context tells us that the pronoun “them” refers to Christ’s sheep, to certain persons whom He had chosen to be His sheep, and whom He had also called to be such. Lest we should be in the dark as to whom they are, our Savior has kindly put us in possession of the marks by which His sheep may be discovered. We cannot read the secret roll of election, nor can we search the heart, but we can mark the outward conduct of men, and the verse before the text tells us by what signs we are to know God’s people: “My sheep hear My voice, and I know them, and they follow Me.” The marks are the hearing of Christ, and then the following of Christ, first, by faith in Him, and then by active obedience to His precepts. “Faith which works by love” is the mark of Christ’s sheep, and it is of true believers that He speaks when He says, “I give unto them eternal life, and they shall never perish, neither shall any pluck them out of My hand.”
Would to God that all of us wore the uniform of the elect, namely, active, sanctifying faith! Oh, that we all listened to the Great Shepherd’s voice, that we all received the truths of God which He delivers, and then resolved by His grace to follow Him wherever He goes, as the sheep follow the shepherd. Having thus explained to whom the text belongs, we will now handle it in a threefold manner. The text implies, first, somewhat concerning the past of these people; second, it plainly states a great deal about the present state of these people; and third, it not obscurely hints at something about their future.
I. The Past History of the People of God
In the first place, the studious reader will observe that the text implies somewhat concerning the past history of the people of God. It is said, “I give unto them eternal life.” There is an implication, therefore, that they had lost eternal life. Every one of God’s people fell in Adam, and all have fallen also by actual sin; consequently, we came under condemnation, and Christ Jesus has done for us what Her Majesty the Queen has sometimes done for a condemned criminal—He has bought us a free pardon. He has given us life. When our own desert was eternal destruction from the presence of the Lord, Jesus Christ stepped in, and He said, “You are forgiven; the sentence shall not take place upon you; your offense is blotted out; you are clear.”
The State of Spiritual Death
No, I think the text implies that there was something more than condemnation; there was execution. We were not only condemned to die, we were already spiritually dead. Jesus did not merely spare the life which ought to have been taken and in that sense gave it to us, but He imparted to us a life which we had not before enjoyed. It is implied in the text that we were spiritually dead; no, we are not left here to our own surmising, nor even to our own experience, for the apostle Paul has said, “You has He quickened who were dead in trespasses and sins.”
What, Paul, dead? Are you not mistaken? Perhaps we were only a little sick? No, we are ready to admit, O apostle, that we were sick and near to death, but surely we had a little vital energy, a little power to assist ourselves! “No,” says the apostle, “you were dead, dead in trespasses and sins.” The work of salvation is tantamount, not only to the healing of the sick but to the actual resurrection of a dead man from his grave.
The Need for Christ’s Intervention
All the saints who are now alive unto God were once as dead as others, quite as corrupt and offensive as others, and as much an ill savor in the nostrils of divine Justice by reason of their sins as even the most corrupt of their fellows. We had altogether gone out of the way; we had altogether become abominable, for “there is none that does good, no not one.” When we were all shut up under sin then Jesus Christ came into the region of death, and brought life and immortality to us. Life was forfeited by all the saints; spiritual life they had none; Jesus the Quickener has made them alive unto God.
The Gift of Life
Is it not also very clearly implied that, as far from having any life, these people could not otherwise have obtained life except by its being given to them? It is a rule well known to all Biblical students that you never meet in God’s Word with an unnecessary miracle; that a miracle is never worked where the ordinary course of nature would suffice. Now, my brothers and sisters, the greatest of all miracles is the salvation of a soul. If that soul could save itself, God would not save it, but would let it do what it could do; and if the spiritually dead could quicken themselves, rest assured, from the analogy of all the divine transactions, that Jesus Christ would not have come to give them life.
The Need for Christ’s Work in Salvation
I believe that it would be utterly impossible for any one of us to enter heaven, let us do what we might, unless Jesus Christ had come from heaven to show us the way, to remove the bolts and bars for us, and to enable us to tread in the path which leads to glory and immortality. Lost! Lost! Lost! The race of man was utterly lost, not partly lost, not thrown into a condition in which it might be ruined unless it worked hard to save itself; but so lost that but for the interposition of a divine arm, but for the appearance of God in human flesh, but for the stupendous transaction upon Calvary, and the work of God the Holy Spirit in the heart, not one dead soul ever could come to life!
II. The Present State of the Believer
The Gift of Life in the Present
Now, this is a very humiliating doctrine, I know, but it is true, and I want you all to feel it. Children of God, I know you do. You see the hole of the pit from where you were drawn. Do you see it? Or have you grown proud of late? Those fine feelings and prayers of yours—have you stuck them like feathers in your cap? I pray you remember what you were! You, proud! Do not forget the dunghill where you once grew! Remember the filth out of which God took you, and instead of being scarlet with the garments of pride, your cheeks may well be scarlet with a blush! Oh, may God forbid, once and for all, that we should glory, for what have we to glory in? What have we that we have not received?
The Promise of Preservation
It is clear, too, from the text, that those who are now righteous would have perished but for Christ. Christ says, “they shall never perish.” Promises are never given as superfluities. There is a necessity, therefore, for this promise. There was a danger, a solemn danger that every one of those who are now saved would have perished eternally. Sin made them heirs of wrath even as others, so Scripture tells us; and justice must have overwhelmed them with the rest if distinguishing grace had not prevented! Even now it is solemnly true that there is no reason why a truly righteous soul should not perish, except that Christ prevents it. You are alive, but you would not be spiritually alive an hour unless the Holy Spirit continued to pour His vital energy into your soul.
Divine Security
You shall be preserved, but, mark you, it is stated as a promise, and therefore it is not at all a matter of natural necessity. Apart from divine grace, you are in fearful danger of apostasy, and probably you have fears about it even now; like the apostle who feared lest after having preached to others, he himself should be a castaway. But we need have no fear when we come to the promise of God, for if we are really in Christ, we have a guarantee of security, since Christ’s own words are, “They shall never perish.” The promise was certainly given because it was needed.
The Peril of Perishing
There is a danger of perishing; there are ten thousand risks of perishing; only Omnipotence itself keeps off the fiery darts of Satan; the blessed Physician gives the antidote, or the poison would soon destroy us; He who swears to bring us safely home protects us from a thousand foes who otherwise would work our ill. “They shall never perish.”
III. The Future of the Believer
Eternal Life and the Future Glory
The text also implies, that naturally, the people of God have ten thousand enemies who would pluck them out of Christ’s hand. They were once in the hand of the enemy; they were once willing bond-slaves of Satan. All this they know, and all this they are willing to acknowledge.
The Certainty of Eternal Life
I would to God that some here would feel the truth of that which I have been saying. You self-righteous ones will say, “I am all right; I do my best, I go to a place of worship.” Now, soul, that is right enough in itself, but if you boast of it, it is evident that you know neither God nor yourself! When I have heard of some who have boasted that they felt no inbred sin, I have wished that they would read the story of the Pharisee and the Publican. At the Fulton Street Prayer Meeting, a brother asked for the prayers of believers because he felt so much the corruption of his own heart, the temptations of Satan, and especially the natural vileness of his own nature. A brother stood up on the opposite side of the hall, and said he thanked God that was not his experience; he did not feel any corruption, and his heart was not depraved.
The Humility of the Believer
The other one made no reply, but a friend present read these words: “Two men went up into the temple to pray; the one a Pharisee, and the other a publican. The Pharisee stood and prayed thus with himself, God, I thank You, that I am not as other men are, extortioners, unjust, adulterers, or even as this publican. I fast twice in the week; I give tithes of all that I possess. And the publican, standing afar off, would not lift up so much as his eyes unto heaven, but smote upon his breast, saying, God be merciful to me a sinner. I tell you, this man went down to his house justified rather than the other: for everyone who exalts himself shall be abased; and he who humbles himself shall be exalted.”
A sense of sin is a blessed sign either of pardon received, or of pardon to come. He who says he has no sin makes God a liar, and the truth is not in him. He who will not confess his sin shall never be absolved; but he who, with a broken and a trembling heart, goes to the foot of the cross shall find forgiveness there.
Conclusion
This much, then, upon the past estate of the heirs of heaven.
“Existence may be a curse, but life is a blessing. This life begins here: ‘I give unto them.’ Not, ‘I shall give,’ but ‘I give.’ Not, ‘I will give it to them when they die,’ but, ‘I give it to them here, I give unto them eternal life.’” Now, my hearer, you have either got eternal life tonight, or you are still in death. If you have not received it, you are “dead in trespasses and sins,” and your doom will be a terrible one; but if God has given you eternal life, fear not the surrounding hosts of hell nor the temptations of the world, for the eternal God is your refuge, and underneath you are the everlasting arms. This life is given as a free gift to every one of the Lord’s people, and is bestowed by the Lord and by none else.
The Promise of Preservation
Let us turn now to the second part of the blessing. Here is preservation secured: “They shall never perish.” Certain gentlemen who cannot endure the doctrine of final perseverance manage to slip away from the next sentence, “Neither shall any pluck them out of My hand,” and suggest, “but they may get out themselves.” No, no, no, because the text says, “They shall never perish.” Our present sentence, which we have now in hand, puts aside all suppositions of every kind about the destruction of one of Christ’s sheep. “They shall never perish.”
The Assurance of Eternal Safety
Take each word: “They shall never perish.” Some of their notions may, some of their comforts may, some of their experiences may, but THEY never shall. That which is the essence of the man, his true soul, his inward renewed nature, shall never be destroyed. See, then, Christian, you may be deprived of a thousand things without any violation of the promise. The promise is not that the ship shall not go to the bottom, but that the passengers shall get to the shore. The promise is not that the house shall not be burned; the promise is that you who are in the house shall escape. “They shall never perish.”
The Impossibility of Loss
Take another word: “They shall never perish.” They shall go very near it, perhaps. They shall lose their joys and their comforts, but “they shall never perish.” The life in them shall never be starved out, nor beaten out, nor driven out. If you once get leaven into a piece of bread, you cannot get it out; you may boil it, you may fry it, you may bake it, you may do what you like with it, but the leaven is in it, and you cannot get it out. Get the soul saturated with the grace of God, and you can never eradicate it. The man himself shall never perish. He may think he shall, the devil may tell him he shall, his comforts may be withdrawn, he may go to his deathbed full of doubts and fears about himself, but he shall never perish.
A Sure Promise
Now this is either true or it is not. You who think it is not true, tell the Lord so; but I believe that it is a most sure and infallible fact, for Jehovah says it. I do not know how it is that they do not perish, it is a wondrous thing; but then it is all a marvel throughout from first to last. Now take the word “never.” We have shown how long the preservation endures—“They shall never perish.”
The Enduring Nature of God’s Promise
“What if they should live to be very old, and should then fall into sin?” “They shall never perish.” Oh, but perhaps they may be assaulted in quarters where they least expect it, or they may be overcome by temptation. “They shall never perish.” “Well, but a man may be a child of God and yet go to hell.” How so, if he can never perish? That “never” includes time and eternity, it includes living and dying, it includes the mountain and the valley, the tempest and the calm. “They shall never perish.”
“In every state secure,
Kept by the eternal Hand.”
Beneath the wings of the Almighty God, night with its pestilence cannot smite them, and day with its cares cannot destroy them; youth with its passions shall be safely passed; middle age with all its whirl of business shall be navigated in safety; old age with its infirmities shall become the land of Beulah; death’s gloomy vale shall be lit up with the coming splendor; the actual moment of departure, the last and solemn article shall be the passing over of a river dry-shod. “When you pass through the waters, I will be with you; and through the rivers, they shall not overflow you: when you walk through the fire, you shall not be burned; neither shall the flame kindle upon you, says the Lord.” “They shall never perish.”
The Impossibility of Loss by Any Means
There is a way of explaining away everything, I suppose, but I really do not know how the opponents of the perseverance of God’s saints will get over this text. They may do with it as they will, but I shall still believe what I find here, that I shall never perish if I am one of Christ’s people. If I perish, then Christ will not have kept His promise; but I know He must abide faithful to His word. “He is not a man that He should lie, nor the son of man that He should relent.” Every soul that rests on the atoning sacrifice is safe, and safe forever—“They shall never perish.”
The Position Guaranteed in Christ’s Hand
Then comes the third sentence, in which we have a position guaranteed—“In Christ’s hand.” We have not time to expound it fully—it is to be in a place of honor; we are the ring He wears on His finger. It is a place of love: “I have engraved you upon the palms of My hands; your walls are continually before Me.” It is a place of power—His right hand encloses all His people. It is a place of property—Christ holds His people; “All the saints are in Your hand.” It is a place of discretion—we are yielded up to Christ, and Christ wields a discretionary government over us. It is a place of guidance, a place of protection—as sheep are said to be in the hand of the shepherd, so are we in the hand of Christ. As arrows in the hand of a mighty man, to be used by him, as jewels in the hands of the bride to be her ornament, so are we in the hand of Christ.
The Impossibility of Being Plucked from Christ’s Hand
Now, what says the text? It reminds us that there are some who want to pluck us out of His hand. There are those who, with false doctrine, would deceive, if it were possible, the very elect. There are roaring persecutors who would frighten God’s saints, and so make them turn back in the day of battle. There are scheming tempters—the panderers to hell, the jackals of the lion of the pit of hell, who would gladly drag us to destruction. Then there are our own hearts that would pluck us out of His hand.
You know in the text before us, we need not read the word “man,” for it is not in the original. The translators have put the word “man” in italics to show that it is not in the Greek, and so we may read it—“Neither shall any pluck them out of My hand.” Not only any “man,” but any devil either! Nothing that is present shall do it, nothing to come; no principality, no power, nothing whatever that is conceivable. “None shall pluck them out of My hand.”
Christ’s Unbreakable Hold on His People
It does not merely include men, who are sometimes our worst foes, for the worst that we have are they of our own household; it also includes fallen spirits; but none shall be able to pluck us out of His hand. By no possibility shall any be able, by any of their schemes, to remove us from being His favorites, His property, His dear sons, His protected children. Oh, what a blessed promise!
Now, do you know, while I have been preaching to you about this, I have been thinking a little about my own history before I knew the Lord. One of the things that made me want to be a Christian was this. I had seen some young lads that I was at school with, they were excellent lads, and some of them had been held up as patterns of imitation to me and to others. I saw them, though only a very few years older than myself, turn out as vain and ungodly as could be, and yet I knew them to have been excellently well disposed as boys, no, to have been very patterns; and this kind of thought used to cross my young brain, “Is there not some means of being preserved from making a shipwreck of my life?”
The Assurance of Preservation through Christ
When I came to read the Bible, it seemed to me to be full of this doctrine: “If you trust Christ, He will save you from all evil; He will keep you in a life of integrity and holiness while here, and He will bring you safe to heaven at the last.” I felt that I could not trust man, for I had seen some of the very best wandering far from the truth of God; if I trusted Christ, it was not a chance as to whether I should get to heaven, but a certainty; and I learned that if I rested all my weight upon Him, He would keep me, for I found it written, “The righteous shall hold on His way, and he that has clean hands shall wax stronger and stronger.”
The New Nature in Christ
I found the apostle saying, “I am persuaded that He who has begun a good work in you will carry it on,” and such-like expressions. “Why,” I reasoned, “I have found an insurance office, and a good one too; I will insure my life in it; I will go to Jesus as I am, for He bids me; I will trust myself with Him.”
The Assurance of Eternal Life
If I had listened to the Arminian theory, I would never have been converted, for it never had any charms for me. A Savior who casts away His people, a God who leaves His children to perish, were not worthy of my worship, and a salvation which does not save outright is neither worth preaching nor listening to. When I stand here and say to this assembled mass, Trust my Master, believe Him, and it is no matter of question as to whether you shall be saved, for He has said that, “he who believes and is baptized shall be saved.”
The Key to Eternal Life
When I say that, I feel that I have something to say which is worth listening to! My dear hearer, with a new heart and a right spirit you will be a new man! As you now are, if you were to be pardoned tonight you would be condemned tomorrow, for the tendencies of your nature would lead you astray. But if God shall put a new nature into you, your old nature shall not be able to control it. The new immortal principle shall get the mastery; you shall be kept from sinning; you shall be preserved in holiness, and though you will have to mourn over your imperfection, yet you will feel that you have God’s own life in you; though you will realize that you are not perfect, yet you will wish you were, and this wishing to be so will be a sign of divine grace in your soul.
Conclusion: The Promise of Eternal Life
Oh, sinner, may you be led today to rest on Jesus, and only on Jesus, and then take the text. Do not be afraid of it—“I give unto My sheep eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any pluck them out of My hand.”
Portion of Scripture Read Before Sermon—John 10:1-30.